"City: ","RICHMOND " "State: ","VA" "WBAN No: ", 13740 "Lat(N): ", 37.50 "Long(W): ", 77.33 "Elev(m): ", 50 "Pres(mb):", 1012 "Stn Type:","Secondary" "SOLAR RADIATION FOR FLAT-PLATE COLLECTORS FACING SOUTH AT A FIXED-TILT (kWh/m2/day), Percentage Uncertainty = 9" "Tilt(deg)"," ","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec","Year" "0 ","Average", 2.3, 3.0, 4.1, 5.2, 5.8, 6.3, 6.0, 5.4, 4.5, 3.5, 2.5, 2.0, 4.2 " ","Minimum", 2.0, 2.4, 3.4, 4.5, 5.3, 5.5, 5.2, 4.8, 4.0, 2.8, 2.0, 1.8, 4.0 " ","Maximum", 2.5, 3.5, 4.6, 6.1, 6.4, 6.8, 6.7, 6.0, 5.1, 4.1, 2.9, 2.3, 4.4 "Lat - 15 ","Average", 3.2, 3.9, 4.8, 5.5, 5.8, 6.1, 5.9, 5.7, 5.1, 4.4, 3.5, 2.9, 4.7 " ","Minimum", 2.5, 2.9, 3.8, 4.7, 5.3, 5.3, 5.2, 4.9, 4.4, 3.3, 2.7, 2.4, 4.5 " ","Maximum", 3.8, 4.8, 5.4, 6.7, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.3, 5.9, 5.2, 4.3, 3.6, 5.0 "Lat ","Average", 3.6, 4.3, 5.0, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.5, 5.5, 5.2, 4.7, 3.9, 3.3, 4.8 " ","Minimum", 2.8, 3.0, 3.9, 4.6, 5.0, 4.9, 4.8, 4.7, 4.4, 3.4, 2.9, 2.7, 4.5 " ","Maximum", 4.4, 5.4, 5.6, 6.6, 6.1, 6.1, 6.3, 6.1, 6.0, 5.6, 4.8, 4.2, 5.1 "Lat + 15 ","Average", 3.9, 4.4, 4.9, 5.0, 4.9, 4.9, 4.8, 5.0, 4.9, 4.8, 4.1, 3.6, 4.6 " ","Minimum", 2.9, 3.0, 3.7, 4.3, 4.5, 4.3, 4.2, 4.3, 4.2, 3.3, 3.0, 2.8, 4.3 " ","Maximum", 4.7, 5.6, 5.5, 6.1, 5.4, 5.3, 5.5, 5.6, 5.8, 5.7, 5.2, 4.6, 4.9 "90 ","Average", 3.5, 3.7, 3.5, 3.1, 2.6, 2.4, 2.4, 2.8, 3.3, 3.7, 3.6, 3.3, 3.2 " ","Minimum", 2.5, 2.4, 2.7, 2.7, 2.4, 2.2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 2.5, 2.6, 2.5, 2.9 " ","Maximum", 4.4, 4.7, 4.1, 3.7, 2.7, 2.5, 2.7, 3.1, 3.9, 4.5, 4.6, 4.3, 3.4 "SOLAR RADIATION FOR 1-AXIS TRACKING FLAT-PLATE COLLECTORS WITH A NORTH-SOUTH AXIS (kWh/m2/day), Percentage Uncertainty = 9" "Axis Tilt"," ","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec","Year" "0 ","Average", 3.2, 4.2, 5.5, 6.8, 7.3, 7.9, 7.5, 6.9, 5.9, 4.8, 3.5, 2.8, 5.5 " ","Minimum", 2.5, 2.9, 4.3, 5.5, 6.5, 6.6, 6.3, 5.7, 4.9, 3.5, 2.6, 2.2, 5.1 " ","Maximum", 3.8, 5.3, 6.3, 8.5, 8.5, 8.9, 8.6, 8.0, 7.0, 5.8, 4.4, 3.5, 6.0 "Lat - 15 ","Average", 3.9, 4.9, 6.1, 7.1, 7.4, 7.8, 7.5, 7.1, 6.4, 5.5, 4.2, 3.5, 6.0 " ","Minimum", 3.0, 3.2, 4.6, 5.8, 6.5, 6.5, 6.3, 5.8, 5.3, 3.8, 3.1, 2.7, 5.5 " ","Maximum", 4.8, 6.3, 7.0, 9.0, 8.6, 8.8, 8.6, 8.2, 7.6, 6.7, 5.4, 4.5, 6.5 "Lat ","Average", 4.3, 5.2, 6.2, 7.0, 7.2, 7.5, 7.2, 7.0, 6.5, 5.7, 4.6, 3.8, 6.0 " ","Minimum", 3.2, 3.3, 4.6, 5.7, 6.3, 6.3, 6.0, 5.7, 5.3, 3.9, 3.3, 3.0, 5.5 " ","Maximum", 5.3, 6.7, 7.1, 8.9, 8.3, 8.5, 8.3, 8.1, 7.7, 7.0, 5.8, 5.0, 6.5 "Lat + 15 ","Average", 4.5, 5.3, 6.1, 6.7, 6.8, 7.0, 6.7, 6.7, 6.3, 5.8, 4.8, 4.1, 5.9 " ","Minimum", 3.2, 3.3, 4.5, 5.4, 5.9, 5.8, 5.6, 5.4, 5.1, 3.9, 3.4, 3.1, 5.4 " ","Maximum", 5.5, 6.9, 7.1, 8.6, 7.8, 7.9, 7.7, 7.7, 7.5, 7.1, 6.1, 5.3, 6.4 "SOLAR RADIATION FOR 2-AXIS TRACKING FLAT-PLATE COLLECTORS (kWh/m2/day), Percentage Uncertainty = 9" "Tracker "," ","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec","Year" "2-Axis ","Average", 4.5, 5.3, 6.2, 7.1, 7.5, 8.0, 7.6, 7.2, 6.5, 5.8, 4.8, 4.1, 6.2 " ","Minimum", 3.3, 3.4, 4.6, 5.8, 6.6, 6.7, 6.4, 5.9, 5.3, 3.9, 3.4, 3.1, 5.7 " ","Maximum", 5.6, 6.9, 7.2, 9.0, 8.7, 9.0, 8.7, 8.3, 7.7, 7.1, 6.1, 5.3, 6.8 "DIRECT BEAM SOLAR RADIATION FOR CONCENTRATING COLLECTORS (kWh/m2/day), Percentage Uncertainty = 8" "Tracker "," ","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec","Year" "1-X, E-W ","Average", 2.6, 2.8, 3.0, 3.2, 3.3, 3.6, 3.3, 3.1, 3.0, 3.1, 2.8, 2.4, 3.0 "Hor Axis ","Minimum", 1.5, 1.2, 1.7, 2.1, 2.5, 2.6, 2.4, 2.2, 2.2, 1.5, 1.7, 1.6, 2.6 " ","Maximum", 3.5, 4.3, 3.7, 4.6, 4.3, 4.5, 4.2, 4.0, 3.8, 4.1, 3.9, 3.5, 3.5 "1-X, N-S ","Average", 2.0, 2.7, 3.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.7, 4.3, 4.0, 3.6, 3.1, 2.3, 1.7, 3.4 "Hor Axis ","Minimum", 1.2, 1.2, 2.0, 2.7, 3.3, 3.3, 3.1, 2.8, 2.5, 1.6, 1.3, 1.1, 2.9 " ","Maximum", 2.7, 4.0, 4.4, 6.0, 5.6, 5.8, 5.5, 5.2, 4.6, 4.3, 3.2, 2.5, 3.9 "1-X, N-S ","Average", 2.9, 3.4, 4.1, 4.4, 4.2, 4.4, 4.1, 4.1, 4.0, 3.8, 3.1, 2.6, 3.8 "Tilt=Lat ","Minimum", 1.7, 1.5, 2.4, 2.9, 3.2, 3.1, 2.9, 2.8, 2.8, 2.0, 1.9, 1.6, 3.2 " ","Maximum", 3.9, 5.2, 5.1, 6.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.2, 5.2, 5.1, 5.2, 4.4, 3.7, 4.3 "2-X ","Average", 3.1, 3.5, 4.1, 4.5, 4.5, 4.7, 4.4, 4.2, 4.0, 3.9, 3.3, 2.8, 3.9 " ","Minimum", 1.9, 1.5, 2.4, 2.9, 3.4, 3.4, 3.1, 2.9, 2.8, 2.0, 2.0, 1.8, 3.3 " ","Maximum", 4.2, 5.3, 5.1, 6.4, 5.7, 5.9, 5.6, 5.4, 5.1, 5.3, 4.7, 4.1, 4.5 "AVERAGE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS" "Element "," ","Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec","Year" "Temp. ","(deg C)", 2.1, 3.7, 8.9, 14.1, 18.9, 23.3, 25.6, 24.9, 21.1, 14.8, 9.8, 4.5, 14.3 "Daily Min","(deg C)", -3.5, -2.2, 2.4, 7.0, 12.3, 17.1, 19.7, 19.1, 15.0, 8.1, 3.3, -1.2, 8.1 "Daily Max","(deg C)", 7.6, 9.6, 15.3, 21.1, 25.4, 29.5, 31.3, 30.6, 27.2, 21.5, 16.3, 10.1, 20.4 "Record Lo","(deg C)",-24.4,-23.3,-11.7, -5.0, -0.6, 4.4, 10.6, 7.8, 1.7, -6.1,-12.2,-18.3,-24.4 "Record Hi","(deg C)", 26.7, 28.3, 33.9, 35.6, 37.8, 40.0, 40.6, 38.9, 39.4, 37.2, 30.0, 26.7, 40.6 "HDD,Base="," 18.3C ", 504, 409, 293, 134, 34, 0, 0, 0, 13, 129, 257, 429, 2202 "CDD,Base="," 18.3C ", 0, 0, 0, 6, 51, 150, 224, 203, 96, 19, 0, 0, 749 "Rel Hum ","percent", 68, 66, 63, 61, 70, 72, 75, 77, 77, 74, 69, 69, 70 "Wind Spd."," (m/s) ", 3.7, 3.9, 4.2, 4.1, 3.6, 3.4, 3.1, 2.9, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 3.5